Surface damage from perpendicular and oblique bullet impacts in stone

Controlled experiments were conducted to investigate the surface damage caused by perpendicular and oblique impacts of bullets into sandstone and limestone targets. Individual bullets fired in conditions simulating modern rifles at typical combat distances excavated craters with diameters from 22 to 74 mm and depths from 4 to 24 mm. Limestone target craters were up to twice as large and deep as those in sandstone. These craters have a complex shape consisting of a central excavation surrounded by a shallow dish, compared to the simple bowl shape of most sandstone impacts. Radial fractures extending to the edge of the target block were common in limestone targets. Impacts at an angle of 45° to the surface in both rock types result in asymmetric craters. Two common types of ammunition were compared: the steel-tipped NATO projectile generally produced larger and deeper craters than the projectile that is commonly fired from AK-47 rifles, despite having approximately half the mass of the latter. These results characterise the sort of damage that can be expected at many sites of cultural significance involved in contemporary conflict zones, and have important implications for their conservation.

Measuerment of CO2-crude oil minimum miscible pressure in YC Oilfield by core displacement method

Aiming at the defect of measuring the CO2-crude oil MMP(minimum miscible pressure) by the slim tube test, the core displacement method is established based on indoor physical simulation and homogeneous rectangular core in the low permeability block of YC oilfield. For comparison, the MMP is measured by the slim tube test in the same block. Experimental results show that the method has good repeatability and can simulate porous media and reservoir water content, which is more consistent with the actual reservoir conditions. The MMP in the target block of YC oilfield was 19.85MPa, which was 1.87MPa lower than that measured by traditional slim tube test.

THE MODEL OF PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF NATURAL SCIENCE TEACHERS OF RURAL SCHOOLS IN THE CONDITIONS OF DISTANCE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS

The article substantiates the concept and the need to introduce a model of professional development of natural sciences teachers in rural schools in the context of distance educational process in the conditions of digitalization of the domestic school education system, the risks associated with the pandemic, determining its impact on the educational process in rural schools in today's realities. The article reveals the pedagogical conditions of professional development of natural science teachers of rural schools in the conditions of distance educational process. The structural-functional model of this study is developed and experimentally checked, which contains three interconnected blocks. The methodological-target block reflects: purpose; concepts; methodological approaches; general pedagogical principles; specific principles. The content-technological block contains pedagogical conditions of professional development of natural science teachers of rural schools in the conditions of distance educational process (online coordination of the process of professional development of natural science teachers of rural schools in the conditions of remote work of centres of professional development of pedagogical workers based on technology “DDI” (disclosure, development and implementation); intensification of activity of the centres of professional development of pedagogical workers on the basis of pedagogical technologies of resource-oriented training of natural science teachers of rural schools and network cooperation; introduction of the author’s special course “Digitalization of the educational process” as an open learning environment for the continuous development of natural science teachers of rural schools), as well as forms and methods of teaching pedagogues and their professional development. The diagnostic-effective block reflects certain criteria (cognitive-digital, activity-effective and personal-evaluative); low (reproductive), medium (reproductive-creative), high (productive-creative) levels of professional development of natural science teachers in rural schools in the conditions of distance educational process and the expected result from the implementation of the structural-functional model. The results of the study allowed to state the positive, statistically significant dynamics of professional development of natural science teachers of rural schools in the conditions of distance educational process in the experimental group.

Experimental study on percolation mechanism and displacement characteristics of cold recovery in offshore heavy oil field

The heavy oil reservoir is a special kind of oil and gas reservoir that differs from the conventional reservoir in many ways. Due to the high viscosity of crude oil, it is not easy to recover. When the viscosity of underground crude oil exceeds 150 cp, the land heavy oil field is generally developed by thermal recovery. S.Z. oilfield is a heavy oil reservoir in the Bohai Sea, with surface crude oil viscosity of 3000–25,000 cp and underground crude oil viscosity of 400–1000 cp. Limited by offshore equipment, the development strategy of land oilfields can't be directly applied. High production capacity is obtained through the cold production development of horizontal branch experimental wells, and the water drive production capacity can reach 40–70 m3/day. At present, there is a lack of research on cold recovery development under the viscosity of crude oil. The existing primary research and common knowledge are challenging to support efficient development technology for effectively producing heavy oil reservoirs. In this paper, through physical simulation experiments, the phase behavior and rheological properties of crude oil in the target block are studied, and the rheological properties of crude oil are clarified. Then, the depletion production and water flooding experiments are carried out, and the displacement characteristics and laws of water flooding cold production are analyzed. Finally, the indoor experiments of water flooding sweep efficiency and oil displacement efficiency in the target block are carried out. Clear its micro and macro spread. It provides technical support for the effective production of offshore heavy oil fields.

Model of Formation of Readiness of Combat Units ZU-23 to Performance of Tasks on Purpose with use of means of Special Physical Training

Today, the Construction of Modern, Functional and Effective Pedagogical Models of representatives of the Security and Defense Sector of Ukraine, including cadets of the command direction of Training of Higher Military Educational Institutions of the National Guard of Ukraine, the Armed Forces of Ukraine (etc.) is relevant and timely. The Main Purpose of the Research is to Construct a Pedagogical Model of the Formation of the Readiness of the Combat units of the ZU-23 to perform tasks on Purpose with the use of Special Physical Training (on the example of cadets of higher military educational institutions of the command direction of training). During the Theoretical Research the following Methods were used: axiomatic, historical (logical), idealization, ascent from the concrete, formalization, etc. As a Result of the Theoretical Research, the members of the Research group constructed a Semantic-Functional Model of the Formation of the Readiness of the Combat Units of the ZU-23 to perform the assigned tasks using Special Physical Training (on the example of cadets of the Command and Staff Faculty of the National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine). The Pedagogical Model constructed by the members of the Research group integrates: The Target block, the Content block and the Result-evaluation block.

MODELING OF INTERDISCIPLINARY PEDAGOGICAL INTERACTION IN THE UNIVERSITY

It is advisable to introduce the ideas of an interdisciplinary approach into the practice of teaching university disciplines on the basis of pedagogical interaction of teachers of various disciplines, which should take place at the "intersection" of three areas: the content-methodological areas of each of the disciplines and the pedagogical area of knowledge. The process of modeling interdisciplinary pedagogical interaction includes setting the modeling goal, choosing theoretical foundations, studying the structure of organization and coordination of methodological work at the university, conversations with representatives of the university leadership, analyzing university regulations and questioning representatives of the teaching staff. The article provides the author's definition of the concept of "interdisciplinary pedagogical interaction", a developed structural model of interdisciplinary pedagogical interaction and a description of its structural elements. The conceptual-target block contains conceptual foundations, goals, objectives and principles of interdisciplinary pedagogical interaction; the diagnostic and prognostic block is responsible for the methods used to ascertain the level of development of interdisciplinary interaction in a university; the content block takes into account the objects of interdisciplinary interaction and the classification of interdisciplinary relations; the organizational-activity block covers subjects, forms, and builds an algorithm for the procedure of interdisciplinary pedagogical interaction; the resultative block describes the results of interdisciplinary pedagogical interaction.

Efficient Implementation of PRESENT and GIFT on Quantum Computers

Grover search algorithm is the most representative quantum attack method that threatens the security of symmetric key cryptography. If the Grover search algorithm is applied to symmetric key cryptography, the security level of target symmetric key cryptography can be lowered from n-bit to n2-bit. When applying Grover’s search algorithm to the block cipher that is the target of potential quantum attacks, the target block cipher must be implemented as quantum circuits. Starting with the AES block cipher, a number of works have been conducted to optimize and implement target block ciphers into quantum circuits. Recently, many studies have been published to implement lightweight block ciphers as quantum circuits. In this paper, we present optimal quantum circuit designs of symmetric key cryptography, including PRESENT and GIFT block ciphers. The proposed method optimized PRESENT and GIFT block ciphers by minimizing qubits, quantum gates, and circuit depth. We compare proposed PRESENT and GIFT quantum circuits with other results of lightweight block cipher implementations in quantum circuits. Finally, quantum resources of PRESENT and GIFT block ciphers required for the oracle of the Grover search algorithm were estimated.

Information-cartographic support for studying of potential transformations of geosystems for the digital atlas “Вaikal region: society and nature”

Based on the electronic atlas “Baikal Region: Society and Nature”, the problem of landscape-cartographic support for studying the transformations of vast territories is being solved. The transformation of geosystems is understood as changes in the natural environment due to spontaneous development or anthropogenic interference. In this context, potential and actual transformations are distinguished. The research of potential transformations is associated with a geographic forecast of possible changes in the state of the environment due to external impact, and current transformations include an assessment of its current ecological state. The area under investigation includes the territory of the Baikal basin, and the northern regions of Mongolia. This aspect is realized through the integration of a multitude of geographical data on the structure of natural systems, their sustainability and trends of anthropogenic transformations into a single target cartographic information system (CIS). The main requirement for the content of the target block of maps is the reliability of the results of a comprehensive research and their evidentiality if used to make management decisions to optimize the environment. A logical and methodological coherence of small-scale target mapping of the natural environment of a vast territory has been developed. The analysis of natural structures was carried out and a basic inventory map of geosystems of scale (M 1:5,000,000) was created. We developed a set of geosystem characteristics and carried out an environmental interpretation of information and integrated environmental mapping, aside from that implemented geoecological zoning of the territory. Based on the information synthesis of the obtained data and knowledge about the modern landscape structure of the region, the methods of polysystem analysis, we revealed the nature of sustainability, functions, value characteristics of geosystems and the patterns of their anthropogenic transformations. The presence of a single set of maps will provide a study of questions about potential and relevant transformations of geosystems. The small-scale maps of the Baikal region, compiled in a certain sequence on the basis of a single structural-hierarchical specialized classification, reflect a complex of environmental conditions that are important for making constructive-geographical, design, managerial, and environmental decisions.

Model of formation of professional activity safety culture of future occupational safety and health engineers

The purpose of the article is to consider the model of the formation of the safety culture of professional activity in future occupational safety and health engineers. The urgency of the implementation of the stated research within the Concept of sustainable development has been substantiated. The study establishes the structure of the model represented by five blocks: prospective-target, theoretical-methodological, content-technological, diagnostic-resultant. The prospective-target block defines the goals and objectives of the research; the theoretical-methodological block provides for a concept, methodological approaches, principles, factors, pedagogical conditions that contribute to the effective formation of the culture of safety of professional activity; content-technological is expressed by a complex of didactic units that include content components, forms, methods and technologies of teaching; the diagnostic-resultant block contains diagnostic tools for the formation of the safety culture of professional activity among future engineers on labor protection. The conclusion is made about the dynamism and balance of the components of the proposed model, aimed at the personal growth of future occupational safety and health engineers and the development of their creative potential, most significantly focused on the prevention of the risks and harm caused by occupational hazards.

FORMATION OF A MODEL OF PATRIOTIC EDUCATION OF STUDENTS IN THE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE HIGHER MILITARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

The article highlights the process of development and substantiation of the model of patriotic education of cadets in the educational environment of a higher military educational institution, which consists of five interrelated components: target; diagnostic; design; organizational; control and evaluation. The model was developed taking into account the requirements of system, activity, axiological, historical and diagnostic approaches. A component-by-component description of the model is made and the directions of further research are outlined. The target block determines the main purpose of patriotic education of cadets. The diagnostic block highlights the procedure for conducting a confirmatory experiment and methods of studying the level of patriotism of servicemen. The design block of the formed model is intended for creation of psychological and pedagogical conditions of formation of patriotism of cadets, and also for development of necessary tools. The result of the design block is the Target program for the formation of patriotism of servicemen "Patriot of Ukraine". The organizational unit shows the procedure for carrying out the activities of the Target Program. The control and evaluation unit of the model was formed in order to organize control, evaluation of results and further correction of the Target Program for the formation of patriotism in cadets. For a qualitative assessment of the measures, a system of criteria and indicators of patriotism has been defined and described. It is emphasized that the most important achievement of the proposed model is the integrity of information on the process of forming the patriotism of cadets. The directions of further researches, which consist in carrying out research and experimental work on formation of patriotism of servicemen and approbation of the Target program of formation of patriotism of servicemen "Patriot of Ukraine" in educational process of higher military educational institution are defined.