scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF CURCUMIN AND CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLES AGAINST TOXICITY OF POTASSIUM DICHROMATE IN MALE MICE

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
NOURA RADY MOHAMED ◽  
THANAA MOSTAFA BADR ◽  
MOHAMED R. ELNAGAR
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Sperm Morphology ◽  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Ether Anesthesia ◽  
Sperm Abnormalities ◽  
Cytosolic Cytochrome

Objective: The purpose of this work is to examine the protective effect of nanocurcumin and nanochitosan supplementation against potassium dichromate toxicity in male mice. Methods: Male albino mice weighing 25-30 gm were divided into six groups; the first group received saline. Second and third groups were given oral dose of nanocurcumin and nanochitosan respectively for 5 d. Fourth group was injected subcutaneously with a single dose of potassium dichromate for 24 h. Group five and six were administrated nanocurcumin and nanochitosan, respectively prior to potassium dichromate. Animals were anesthetized by ether anesthesia then bone marrow was harvested for chromosomal examination and epididymal sperms were collected for sperm morphology, while Kidneys and testes were collected for western blot and biochemical analysis. Results: Potassium dichromate induced significant (P≤0.05) increase in chromosome and sperm abnormalities as well as testicular and renal MDA, renal MPO, renal contents of IL-18 and IGF-1, testicular contents of caspase 3 and cytosolic cytochrome c, a reduction in testosterone level, and GPx of renal and testicular tissues compared to control group. Pretreatment with both types of nanoparticles showed significant (P≤0.05) mitigation against most alterations induced by potassium dichromate; moreover, nanochitosan gave more significant (P≤0.05) improvement against chromosome and sperm abnormalities than nanocurcumin. Conclusion: The present study revealed that the selected nanoparticles have antioxidant as well as antigenotoxic properties against toxicity of potassium dichromate.

scholarly journals Effects of Exposure to Aflatoxin G1 on the Plasma Biochemical Factors and Histopathological Properties of Renal Tissue in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
Touraj Zamir-Nasta ◽  
◽  
Arash Ahmadi ◽  
Moein Yazdkhasti ◽  
Mona Pazhouhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Aquaporin 1 ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Background: Among aflatoxins, the subtype aflatoxin G1 is one of the most toxic, commonly found in cereals, legumes, dairy and non-alcoholic beers. Aflatoxins have been known as nephrotoxic compounds. In this study, changes in the expression of aquaporin-1, the histopathology of renal tissue and plasma biochemical factors after exposure to aflatoxin G1 were investigated in mice. Methods: Twenty-four adult male mice (weighing 20±2 g) were divided into four groups of six. The control group received the vehicle (0.2 ml) and the three experimental groups were injected intraperitoneally with aflatoxin G1 at 20 μg/kg for 7, 15 or 35 days, respectively. On days 7, 15 and 35, blood samples were drawn from the mice for biochemical analysis of plasma and the kidney tissues were sampled for real-time PCR and histopathological studies. Results: The real PCR results showed a reduction in aquaporin-1 expression in the experimental groups compared to those in the controls (P<0.05). Also, the plasma concentrations of urea and creatinine were significantly increased in the experimental groups compared to those in the controls (P<0.05). Also, the serum sodium and potassium levels had decreased significantly compared to the controls (P<0.05). Various damages were observed in the ureters and glomeruli among the experimental groups compared to those in the controls. Conclusion: Aflatoxin G1 had adverse effects on the renal tissue by reducing the expression of aquaporin-1. Subsequently, there were biochemical manifestations in the serum, consisting of changes in the concentrations of urea, creatinine, sodium and potassium, confirming the histopathological toxicity of aflatoxin G1.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Flaxseed on the Health of Experimental Animals Exposed to Xylene

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
E. Kuráňová ◽  
Z. Andrejčáková ◽  
R. Vlčková ◽  
D. Sopková
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
O 10 ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase Isoenzymes

AbstractXylene is mainly used as a solvent in the printing, tire and leather industries. It is also used as: a facility cleaner, paint and varnish thinner, component of fuel, and chemical for the laboratory processing of histological preparations. For these reasons people are frequently exposed to xylene and the risk of intoxication is high. This study focused on the protective effect of flaxseed on mice experimentally intoxicated with xylene. The experiment lasted 14 days. The mice used in this study (n = 60) were allocated to 3 groups: the control group (C) received only the standard diet; the xylene group (X) was fed a standard diet and was administered xylene p. o. (10 µl daily); and the xylene + flaxseed group (XF) received the standard feed, crushed flaxseed and xylene at the same dose as group X. The observations involved changes in: body weight, liver enzyme levels, and caspase activity in the liver of the mice. The administration of additives resulted in significant changes in the body weight of the mice on day 7 of the experiment (P < 0.05). The highest weight gain was observed in mice from the XF group. In contrast, the body weight of the mice from group X exposed only to xylene was the lowest. The biochemical analysis of the liver cells of the xylene intoxicated mice showed elevated levels of: aspartate aminotransferase (AST), De Ritis ratio (AST/ALT ratio), and lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes LDH-3 and LDH-5. Caspase-3, the marker of apoptosis, was increased in the XF group. Thus, the administration of flaxseed in our experiment had a beneficial effect on the clinical and metabolic parameters of mice intoxicated with xylene. Our results indicated that the administration of flaxseed, may act as a preventative measure with respect to xylene intoxication of animals; however, further analyses are needed to confirm this assumption.

The effects of pentoxifylline and caffeic acid phenethyl ester in the treatment of d-galactosamine-induced acute hepatitis in rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Taslidere ◽  
N Vardi ◽  
M Esrefoglu ◽  
B Ates ◽  
C Taskapan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Group D

The aim of this study was to investigate histological changes in hepatic tissue and effects of pentoxifylline (PTX) and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on these changes using histochemical and biochemical methods in rats, in which hepatitis was established by d-galactosamine (d-GAL). Rats were divided into five groups as follows: control group, d-GAL (24 h) group, d-GAL group, d-GAL + PTX group, and d-GAL + CAPE group. In histological evaluations, the control group showed normal appearance of the liver cells. However in the d-GAL groups, focal areas consisting of inflammatory, necrotic, and apoptotic cells were detected in parenchyma. Glycogen loss was observed in the hepatocytes localized at the periphery of lobule. It was found that number of mast cells of portal areas were significantly higher in d-GAL groups compared with other groups ( p = 0.0001). In addition, the number of cells with positive staining by Ki-67 and caspase-3 were significantly increased in GAL groups compared with the control group ( p = 0.0001). In biochemical analysis, there was an increase in malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase levels, while a decrease was observed in glutathione level and glutathione peroxidase activity in groups treated with d-GAL compared with the control group. On the other hand, it was seen that, in the groups treated with d-GAL, histological and biochemical injuries in the liver were reduced by administration of PTX and CAPE. In this study, we demonstrated the ameliorative effects of PTX and CAPE on d-GAL-induced liver injury.

Effects of Papaya Leaf Extract (Carica papaya L.) on Cellular Proliferation and Apoptosis in Cervical Cancer Mice Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 265-275
Author(s):  
Y. Peristiowati ◽  
Y. Puspitasari ◽  
Indasah
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P53 Expression

This study is aimed at analyzing the anticancer properties of papaya leaf extract, specifically the inhibition of cell proliferation and apoptotic induction through nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and p53 pathways. Twenty-five mice (Mus musculus), aged 2 months and weighing 20–30 g, was injected with 0.5 mg dexamethasone for 7 days. The mice were then injected intracutaneously with 1 ml of HeLa cells (8 × 106 HeLa cells/microliter). The mice were divided into five groups (5 each): negative control (P1) (5% CMC-Na, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose), treatment II (225 mg/kg BW (body weight) papaya leaves methanol extract), treatment III (450 mg/kg BW), treatment IV (750 mg/kg BW), and treatment PV (2 mg alcohol anticancer drug). Papaya leaf extract treatments were applied for 2 weeks. Then, the tumor tissue was isolated for hematoxylin and eosin staining. Immunohistochemical imaging was used to detect Ki-67, caspase-3, NF-κB, and p53 expression. Further analysis was undertaken using the ImmunoRatio software program. The results indicated that administration of papaya leaf methanol extract significantly increased the expression of NF-κB and p53 at a dose of 450 mg/kg BW. Our results also showed that the mice treated with 450 mg of papaya leaf extract per kg of BW (P3) had the largest increase of caspase-3 expression compared to the negative control group. Papaya leaf ethanol extract decreased the cancer cell proliferation index and increased apoptosis of cancer cells in animal models of cervical cancer; it may also work to increase NF-kB expression and expression of the p53 gene.

The Toxicity Effect of Echium Amoenum on the Liver and Kidney of Mice.

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mozhgan Ghorbani ◽  
Atefeh Araghi ◽  
Nabi Shariatifar ◽  
Seyed Hooman Mirbaha ◽  
Behrokh Marzban Abbasabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Copper Ion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Toxicity Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Echium Amoenum

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the toxic effect of Echium amoenum plants on the liver and kidney of animal model. Background: Echium amoenum is one of the medicinal plants containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids with several properties which has widely consumed among different communities. Objective: The toxic effects of Echium amoenum on the liver and kidney were investigated in this study. Methods: Sixty mice were kept for 28 days under the appropriate laboratory conditions. Echium amoenum extract (25, 12.5, 50 mg / kg, ip.) was administered for 28 days. At the end of experiment, blood samples were drawn and liver and kidneys were removed for evaluating hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity of extract. Additionally, experiments were conducted to assay the enzymatic and oxidative activities. Results: There was no significant difference in the levels of copper ion in the liver and kidneys among all groups. There was a significant difference in the levels of lipid peroxidation in the liver of treated groups versus control group. The significant difference was not observed in the levels of glutathione of the liver of all groups. However, the levels of glutathione of the kidney significantly decreased in the treated groups versus control group. There was no significant difference in the liver enzymes including ALP, SGOT, and SGPT between all groups. This indicates that damage increase with enhancing the time and concentrations of extract. Biochemical analysis showed the creatinine and urea levels did not change in the treated groups versus control group. Conclusion: According to the present findings, it is suggested that Echium amoenum causes hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity effects in dose and time dependent manner.

Exercise and Stevia Rebaudiana (R) Extracts Attenuate Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Rats: Possible Underlying Mechanisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1117-1132
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz M. Hussein ◽  
Elsayed A. Eid ◽  
Ismaeel Bin-Jaliah ◽  
Medhat Taha ◽  
Lashin S. Lashin
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background and Aims: In the current work, we studied the effects of exercise and stevia rebaudiana (R) extracts on diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) in type 2 diabetic rats and their possible underlying mechanisms. Methods: : Thirty-two male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly allocated into 4 equal groups; a) normal control group, b) DM group, type 2 diabetic rats received 2 ml oral saline daily for 4 weeks, c) DM+ Exercise, type 2 diabetic rats were treated with exercise for 4 weeks and d) DM+ stevia R extracts: type 2 diabetic rats received methanolic stevia R extracts. By the end of the experiment, serum blood glucose, HOMA-IR, insulin and cardiac enzymes (LDH, CK-MB), cardiac histopathology, oxidative stress markers (MDA, GSH and CAT), myocardial fibrosis by Masson trichrome, the expression of p53, caspase-3, α-SMA and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) by immunostaining in myocardial tissues were measured. Results: T2DM caused a significant increase in blood glucose, HOMA-IR index, serum CK-MB and LDH, myocardial damage and fibrosis, myocardial MDA, myocardial α-SMA, p53, caspase-3, Nrf2 and TH density with a significant decrease in serum insulin and myocardial GSH and CAT (p< 0.05). On the other hand, treatment with either exercise or stevia R extracts significantly improved all studied parameters (p< 0.05). Moreover, the effects of stevia R was more significant than exercise (p< 0.05). Conclusion: Both exercise and methanolic stevia R extracts showed cardioprotective effects against DCM and Stevia R offered more cardioprotective than exercise. This cardioprotective effect of these lines of treatment might be due to attenuation of oxidative stress, apoptosis, sympathetic nerve density and fibrosis and upregulation of the antioxidant transcription factor, Nrf2.

Efek Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Petai (Parkia speciosa Hassk) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah Mencit Jantan

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Verawaty Verawaty ◽  
Dhea Claudia Novel
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
The Third ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pemberian ekstrak etanol kulit petai (Parkia speciosa Hassk) terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah mencit jantan yang diinduksi aloksan. Hewan percobaan dibagi atas 5 kelompok diantaranya kelompok kontrol negatif, kelompok kontrol positif,dosis I (280 mg/kgBB mencit), dosis II (560 mg/kg BB mencit), dosis III (840 mg/kg BB mencit). Penelitian dilakukan selama 21 hari. Persentase penurunan kadar glukosa darah mencit jantan setelah diberikan ekstrak etanol kulit petai pada hari ke-21 adalah dosis I (77,52 %) lebih besar dibandingkan dengan dosis II (69,5 %) dan dosis III (73,37 %). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan uji Two Way Anova dengan program SPSS 17. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak etanol kulit petai untuk tiga variasi dosis menyatakan perbedaan yang bermakna secara statistik terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah mencit jantan.</p><p><em>Petai (Parkia speciosa Hassk) has a compound β-sitosterol and stigmasterol that have efficacy to decreased blood glucose levels. This study aimed to determine the effect of ethanol extract of petai peel for decrease blood glucose levels of male mice induced by alloxan. Experimental animals were divided into 5 groups including negative control group, positive control group, the first dose (280 mg/kg in mice), the second dose (560 mg/kg in mice), the third dose (840 mg/kg in mice). The study was conducted for 21 days. After 21 days, the result found that the percentage of blood glucose levels after the male mice given the ethanol extract of petai peel was, the first dose (77.52%) biger than the second dose (69.5%) and the third dose (73.37%). The data obtained were analyzed by Two Way ANOVA using SPSS 17. The results showed that have signicantly difference between three dose variation of ethanol extract of petai peel in blood glucose levels.</em></p>

Comparative effects of Orchis anatolica vs. the red Korean Panax ginseng treatments on testicular structure and function of adult male mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabil A. Khouri ◽  
Haytham M. Daradka ◽  
Mohammed Z. Allouh ◽  
Ahmad S. Alkofahi
Keyword(s):  
Panax Ginseng ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Fertility Potential ◽  
And Function

Abstract: The effects of: Both plants were administered orally to two separate mice groups at a dose of 800 mg/kg/day for 35 days and compared with control group. After treatment, 5 mice of each group were sacrificed and total mice weights, reproductive organs’ weights, spermatogenesis, and androgenic serum markers were investigated. The remaining mice from all groups were allowed to mate with virgin female mice to explore male fertility potential.: Results indicated that body and organs’ weights were increased significantly in mice treated with: We can conclude that

scholarly journals Neurological Alterations and Testicular Damages in Aging Induced by D-Galactose and Neuro and Testicular Protective Effects of Combinations of Chitosan Nanoparticles, Resveratrol and Quercetin in Male Mice

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 435
Author(s):  
Reham Z. Hamza ◽  
Mohammad S. Al-Harbi ◽  
Munirah A. Al-Hazaa
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Biochemical Alterations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Neurological Alterations

Aging is a neurological disease that is afforded by incidence of oxidative stress. Chitosan has received global interests due to its wide medical uses. Quercetin (Q) is a bioflavonoid and widely distributed in vegetables and fruits. Resveratrol is considered as a potent antioxidant and is a component of a wide range of foods. The using of either chitosan nanopartciles (CH-NPs), querectin (Q), and resveratrol (RV) to reduce the oxidative stress and biochemical alterations on brain and testicular tissues induced by D-galactose (DG) (100 mg/Kg) were the aim of the present study. This study investigated the probable protective effects of CH-NPs in two doses (140,280 mg/Kg), Q (20 mg/Kg) and RV (20 mg/Kg), against DG induced aging and neurological alterations. Brain antioxidant capacity as malonaldehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and glutathione reductase (GRx), as well as histopathological damages of the brain and testicular tissues were measured. The DG treated group had significantly elevated the oxidative stress markers by 96% and 91.4% in brain and testicular tissues respectively and lower significantly the antioxidant enzyme activities of both brain and testicular tissues than those of the control group by 86.95%, 69.27%, 83.07%, and 69.43%. Groups of DG that treated with a combination of CH-NPs in two doses, Q and RV, the levels of oxidative stress marker declined significantly by 68.70%, 76.64% in brain tissues and by 74.07% and 76.61% in testicular tissues, and the enzymatic antioxidants increased significantly by 75.55%, 79.24%, 62.32%, and 61.97% as compared to the DG group. The present results indicate that CH-NPs, Q, and RV have protective effects against DG-induced brain and testis tissue damage at the biochemical and histopathological levels. Mechanisms of this protective effect of used compounds against neurological and testicular toxicity may be due to the enhanced brain and testis antioxidant capacities.

scholarly journals Comparison of Bax and Caspase-3 Protein Expression in Liver Cells following UVB Irradiation for 7 days and Treatment of Pimpinella alpina Molk during 7 and 15 days

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-303
Author(s):  
Eni Widayati ◽  
Taufiqurrachman Nasihun ◽  
Azizah Hikma Savitri ◽  
Nurina Tyagita
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Uvb Irradiation ◽  
The Difference

Objective: The effect of Pimpinela alpina Molk (PaM) on decrease in Bax and Caspase-3 protein expression in liver cells apoptosis have been proven. However, the difference result between 7 and 15 days treatment duration of PaM need to be confirmed. This study aimed to confirm that treatment of PaM during 15 days is more effective decreasing Bax and Caspase-3 protein expression in liver cells following UVB irradiation. Methods: In the post test only control group design, 35 Sprague Dawley male rats, 300 gram body weight were divided into two arms, consisting of three groups respectively. First arm comprise Neg-7, PaM7-100, and PaM7-150. Second arm comprise Neg-15, PaM15-100, and PaM15-150. Nor-G was added as normal control neither exposed to UVB nor PaM treatment. In negative group was only radiated to UVB and PaM groups were exposed to UVB and treatment with 100, and 150 mg PaM per oral for 7 and 15 days respectively. At day 8 (first arm) and 16 (second arm), liver organ was taken and Bax and Caspase-3 protein expression assessed by Immunohistochemical staining method. Result: Post Hoc LSD analysis indicated that Bax and Caspase-3 protein expression in PaM15-100 and PaM15-150 was significant lower compared to that of Nor-G, PaM7-100, and PaM7-150, p < 0.05. Conclusion: Ttreatment of PaM with doses 100 and 150 mg for 15 days was better in decreasing Bax and Caspase-3 protein expression of liver cells following UVB irradiation. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(2) 2020 p.296-303

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document