THE PROBLEMS ARISING IN THE PROCESS OF INFORMAL GROUPS INFLUENCE ON INMATES’ CORRECTION: PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT

2020 ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Екатерина Васильевна Гусева
Keyword(s):  
Group Behavior ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Informal Group ◽  
Psychological Phenomena ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Pedagogical Training ◽  
Educational Structures ◽  
Negative Orientation ◽  
Informal Groups

Статья посвящена рассмотрению особенностей формирования неформальных групп в пенитенциарном учреждении и характеру их влияния на процесс исправления осужденных, являющихся членами этих групп. Приводятся статистические данные о преступности в исправительных учреждениях за последние годы, а также действиях, дезорганизующих работу исправительных учреждений. Рассматриваются причины влияния криминальной субкультуры на личность осужденного и особенности формирования неформальных групп различной направленности (положительной, отрицательной и нейтральной). Особое внимание уделяется взаимообусловленному процессу влияния на личность осужденного неформальной группы и администрации пенитенциарного учреждения, от которого во многом зависит возможность его исправления. Анализируются психологические механизмы, лежащие в основе приобщения осужденного к неформальным группам отрицательной направленности. Описываются психолого-педагогические особенности воспитательной работы с осужденными в неформальных группах. Характеризуется выбор средств, форм и мер воздействия на личность осужденного в неформальных группах. Указываются особенности воспитательных воздействий на личность осужденного, приводящие к тем или иным изменениям в личностной сфере. Рассматриваются обстоятельства для наибольшего положительного эффекта от воспитательной работы и указываются социально-психологические явления, которые наиболее эффективны, а также разнообразные методы профилактического и пресекающего воздействия. В заключение рассматривается важность изменений в управленческих и воспитательных структурах исправительных учреждений, в стилях воздействия и режима содержания осужденных, а также необходимость повышения уровня психолого-педагогической подготовки сотрудников, расширения знаний о специфике индивидуального и группового поведения осужденных. The article is devoted to the consideration of the peculiarities of the formation of informal groups in a penitentiary institution and the nature of their influence on the process of correction of convicts who are members of these groups. Statistics on crime in correctional institutions over the past year sare provided as well as actions that disrupt the work of correctional institutions. The reasons for the influence of the criminal subculture on the personality of the convict and the peculiarities of the formation of informal groups of various orientations (positive, negative and neutral) are considered. Particular attention is paid to the interdependent process of influence on the personality of the convict by the informal group and the administration of the penitentiary institution, on which the possibility of his correction largely depends. The psychological mechanisms underlying the introduction of a convict to informal groups of a negative orientation are analyzed. Psychological and pedagogical features of educational work with convicts in informal groups are described. The choice of meansis characterized as well as forms and measures of influence on the personality of the convicted person in informal groups. Specific features of educational influences on the personality of the convicted person, leading to certain changes in the personal sphere are examined. The circumstances for the most positive effect of educational work are considered, and the socio-psychological phenomena that are most effective are indicated, as well as various methods of preventive and intersecting influence. At the end of the article the importance of changes in the management and educational structures of correctional institutionsis discussed as well as changes in the styles of influence and the regime of detention of prisoners and the need to improve the level of psychological and pedagogical training of employees, expanding knowledge about the specifics of individual and group behavior.

scholarly journals Theoretical Framework for Informal Groups of Construction Workers: A Grounded Theory Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Fu ◽  
Gui Ye ◽  
Xiaoyu Tang ◽  
Qinjun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Group Behavior ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Construction Workers ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Informal Group ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Informal Groups

The current construction industry, which has a high accident rate and declining labor productivity, urgently requires efficient and practical management policies. Research has shown that social norms within informal groups have considerable influence on construction workers, while studies on informal groups of construction workers (IGCWs) have been scarce. Current theories of informal groups have not been analyzed in combination with construction industry characteristics. The purpose of this paper is to develop a theoretical framework of IGCWs, including definitions, types, characteristics, causes, and functions. First, on the basis of existing theoretical research of informal groups, two semistructured interviews were designed to collect data from managers and workers. Then, a qualitative approach using grounded theory with NVivo software was employed to code the interview information, and 25 subcategories were obtained: 5 types, 10 characteristics, 4 causes, and 6 functions of IGCWs. Eventually, a conceptual model was established to explain the definition of IGCWs according to the interview data and subcategories identified. This study not only contributes to improving behavioral science theory, especially group behavior theory and human relations theory, but also contributes to constructing an informal group theory of the construction industry. In practical terms, the targeted identification of IGCWs is useful for managers in taking measures to more effectively manage construction workers.

THE ROLE OF EDUCATIONAL WORK WITH PRISONERS IN THE PREVENTION OF CRIMES IN PENAL SETTLEMENTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
Василий Алексеевич Рудаев
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Educational Impact ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Legal Nature

Проблема борьбы с преступностью в современной России является одним из приоритетных направлений государственной политики страны, условием обеспечения ее национальной безопасности. Пенитенциарная преступность выступает составной частью общей преступности и по многим показателям зависит от нее. Общеизвестно, что в местах лишения свободы совершаются преступления. Данные факты свидетельствуют о серьезных недостатках в деятельности уголовно-исполнительной системы, особенно это показательно, если преступления совершаются в колониях-поселениях, контингент которых представлен осужденными за преступления по неосторожности или положительно характеризующимися осужденными, переведенными из исправительных учреждений других видов. В профилактике преступлений важное место занимает организация применения основных средств исправления осужденных, одним из которых является воспитательная работа. В ходе анализа нормативной базы, регламентирующей проведение воспитательной работы, мы пришли к выводу, что многие особенности деятельности колоний-поселений не нашли отражения на законодательном уровне. Считаем, что правовая природа колоний-поселений наделяет администрацию учреждения широким спектром возможностей при организации воспитательного воздействия. С учетом наблюдений практических работников, полученных в процессе интервьюирования, мы предложили ряд изменений в нормативные акты, которые регулируют воспитательную работу. Их внесение в законодательство, по нашему мнению, будет способствовать совершенствованию организации воспитательной работы с осужденными, что в свою очередь позволит снизить уровень преступности в колониях-поселениях. The problem of combating crime in modern Russia is one of the priority areas of the country's state policy, a condition for ensuring its national security. Penitentiary crime is an integral part of overall crime and depends on it for many indicators. It is common knowledge that in places of deprivation of liberty crimes are committed. These facts reveal serious shortcomings in the functioning of the penal system, especially when crimes are committed in penal settlements, where the population is represented by those convicted of crimes by negligence or those transferred there from correctional institutions with different regime due to their conscious conduct. In crime prevention the organization of the use of basic means of prisoners’ correction, one of which is educational work, takes an important place. In the process of the analysis of the regulatory framework governing educational work, we came to the conclusion that many features of the activities of penal settlements were not reflected at the legislative level. We believe that the legal nature of penal settlement gives the administration of the institution a wide range of opportunities in organizing educational impact. Taking into account the observations of practitioners obtained during the interview process, we proposed a number of changes to the normative base that regulate educational work. Their introduction into legislation, in our opinion, will contribute the improvement of the organization of educational work with prisonerss, which in turn will reduce the level of crime in penal settlements.

Criminological assessment of the identity of the offender serving a sentence of imprisonment for crimes related to drug trafficking for the purpose of sale (on the example of the Republic of Belarus)

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Светлана Михайловна Казакевич
Keyword(s):  
Drug Trafficking ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Illicit Drug Trafficking ◽  
Criminological Analysis

В статье проанализированы имеющиеся в научной литературе точки зрения относительно понятия «личность преступника», представлена авторская дефиниция личности преступника, совершающего преступления в сфере незаконного оборота наркотиков с целью сбыта. Криминологическому анализу подвергнуты осужденные, отбывающие наказание в виде лишения за преступления, связанные с незаконным оборотом наркотиков, по ч. 2, 3 ст. 328 Уголовного кодекса Республики Беларусь. По результатам проведенного эмпирического исследования выявлены особенности социально-демографического, медицинского, уголовно-правового и нравственно-психологического характера, присущие осужденным указанной категории. Обосновывается необходимость осуществления сотрудниками исправительных учреждений постоянного мониторинга личностных качеств осужденных за преступления, связанные с незаконным оборотом наркотиков с целью сбыта, и выработки на этой основе наиболее оптимальных вариантов проведения с ними индивидуальной воспитательной работы. Представлена авторская разработка криминологической модели личности преступника, отбывающего наказание в виде лишения свободы за преступления, связанные с незаконным оборотом наркотиков с целью сбыта. The article analyzes the points of view of scientists regarding the concept of “the identity of the criminal”, presents the author’s definition of the identity of the criminal who commits crimes in the sphere of illicit drug trafficking with a view to marketing. Convicted prisoners who are serving a sentence of deprivation for crimes related to drug trafficking, according to the following parts, are subjected to criminological analysis. 2, 3 tbsp. 328 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Belarus. According to the results of the empirical research, the peculiarities of the socio-demographic, medical, criminal law, and moral-psychological nature of the convicts of this category were revealed. It justifies the need for employees of correctional institutions to continuously monitor the personal qualities of those convicted of crimes related to drug trafficking with a view to selling, and to develop on this basis the most optimal options for carrying out individual educational work with them. The author presents the development of a criminological model of the identity of a criminal who is serving a sentence of imprisonment for crimes related to drug trafficking with a view to selling.

Training Master Students of "Education and Pedagogy" Enlarged Profession Group: Testing the Module "Personalization and Differentiation

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.M. Postavnev ◽  
I.V. Postavneva
Keyword(s):  
Professional Practice ◽  
Educational Program ◽  
Group Testing ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Pedagogical Training ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Professional Teaching

The article presents the main characteristics of the module "Individualization and differentiation of educational work with students of different categories of" innovative educational program of professional (teaching) graduate. It provides an educational discipline module focused on two target groups of students who have significant differences in psycho-pedagogical training. It offers the option of building the interdisciplinary evaluation of students upon completion of the module and uncovered testing peculiarities of the module in terms of networking. We presented the role of the teacher-supervisor, the content and organization of advanced professional practice, of the potentialities of the individual blocks of practice in enriching the content and forms of the educational process in the magistracy. Based on the analysis results of the module there are conclusions about the capabilities of the module being tested in preparation of masters of pedagogical and psycho-pedagogical directions.

scholarly journals On the subject of legal psychology

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Ilyina
Keyword(s):  
Subject Area ◽  
Psychological Phenomena ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Legal Psychology ◽  
Interdisciplinary Synthesis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Psychological Knowledge ◽  
New Phenomena

The article discusses the debatable issues of legal psychology related to its subject. The problem of integration of legal and psychological knowledge as the basis of the subject area of research in legal psychology is studied. The solution of the problem of integration, in the author's opinion, is seen in the comprehension of the differentiation and interdisciplinary synthesis of knowledge about a man, prompting to explore and disclose in the mass of special descriptions of certain psychic phenomena that have developed in different psychological disciplines, that special that can be attributed to the discoveries of legal psychology. It is concluded that the mechanism of integration of legal and psychological knowledge consists in the search for patterns between legal and psychological phenomena. In this regard, it is proposed to consider the subject of legal psychology as the patterns that arise between legal and psychological phenomena, as well as the psychological mechanisms of the formation of new phenomena in the sphere of relations governed by law.

scholarly journals Methods of organizing work with data exchange buffers in the AKUS software complex when training employees of territorial bodies in advanced training courses and professional retraining of units heads of the penal institutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-436
Author(s):  
A.A. Babkin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Data Exchange ◽  
Advanced Training ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Software Complex ◽  
Special Software ◽  
Penal Institutions ◽  
Card Index ◽  
Training Courses

In accordance with the Concept for the Development of the Penal System of the Russian Federation until 2020 one of the key directions in the process of correcting convicts is the use of advanced methods and methods of organizing educational work, which imply a competent building of relations by an employee with persons serving a sentence. Each employee of the correctional institution carries out educational work with convicts. At the same time the chief of the detachment has the greatest burden associated with the organization and preparation of various materials and documents, the conduct of cultural and physical activities, as well as the organization of circle work with a special contingent. To carry out the entire range of measures, it is necessary to create decent working conditions, equip the workplace of the head of the detachment (employee of the department for educational work with convicts) with special software. The article examines the applied aspects of using modern software for the automation of office activities in the field of educational work with convicts. The article discusses the methodology for organizing work in the environment of the AKUS IK (KP) software complex for employees of territorial bodies enrolled in professional retraining and advanced training courses for heads of correctional institutions. An algorithm for the creation and further use of the data exchange clipboard for educational work in the AKUS software complex is proposed. The article describes the possibility of optimizing the work when filling in the data on the subscribers of the card index by the head of the detachment.

PREVENTION OF NEGATIVE INFLUENCE OF LEADERS AND ACTIVE PARTICIPANTS OF GROUPINGS OF A NEGATIVE ORIENTATION ON THE POSITIVELY CHARACTERIZED CONVICTEDIN PRISONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Иса Хамзатович Дакашев
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
The State ◽  
Human Values ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Current State ◽  
Departmental Level ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Negative Orientation

В статье рассматривается влияние лидеров и активных участников группировок отрицательной направленности на положительно характеризующихся осужденных, предлагаются поэтапные меры профилактики такого влияния. Проблемы повышенной общественной опасности криминальных лидеров и их негативного влияния на положительно характеризующихся осужденных поднимаются на государственном и ведомственном уровне достаточно давно. Характеризуя современное состояние деятельности криминальных лидеров в уголовно-исполнительной системе России, следует отметить не только все возрастающую их активность, но и стремление к созданию в исправительных учреждениях организованных структур неформальной власти. Складывающаяся криминогенная обстановка в исправительных учреждениях такова, что многие преступления носят организованный характер. Искаженные представления об общечеловеческих ценностях реализуются криминальными лидерами и активными участниками группировок отрицательной направленности в повседневной жизни путем совершения особо жестоких, изощренных преступлений, направленных против осужденных и других лиц в исправительных учреждениях, а также в отношении пенитенциарной системы в целом. The article examines the influence of leaders and active members of negative groupings on positively characterized convicts, and proposes step-by-step measures to prevent such influence. Problems of increased public danger of criminal leaders and their negative impact positively characterized convicts rise at the state and departmental level for a long time. Describing the current state of the activities of criminal leaders in the penitentiary system of Russia, it should be noted not only their ever-increasing activity, but also the desire to create in correctional institutions of organized structures of informal power. The emerging crime situation in places of deprivation of liberty is such that many crimes are of an organized nature. Distorted ideas about universal human values are realized by them in everyday life by committing especially cruel, sophisticated crimes directed against convicts and other persons in correctional colonies, as well as in relation to the penitentiary system in general.

Pedagogical training of the future vocational training teacher to the spiritual and moral education

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
В.В. Кузнецов
Keyword(s):  
Moral Education ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Technical Schools ◽  
Pedagogical Training ◽  
Development Of Competencies

Статья посвящена обоснованию аксиологического подхода к организации воспитательной работы студентов. В частности, определяются цели и результаты организованного воспитательного процесса в ходе подготовки студентов-бакалавров профессионального обучения. Анализ теоретических исследований в области профессионально-педагогического образования позволил выдвинуть гипотезу о возможности создания педагогических условий для формирования компетенций, необходимых для осуществления духовно-нравственного воспитания обучающихся средних профессиональных образовательных организаций (техникумов и колледжей). Выводы, приведенные в заключении статьи, опираются на результаты четырехлетнего исследования (с сентября 2017 по июнь 2021 года), включающего констатирующий, формирующий и заключительный педагогические эксперименты, участниками которого выступили студенты 1–4 курсов. Диагностика духовно-нравственной воспитанности субъектов педагогической подготовки подтвердила правильность методологического подхода и используемых методов исследования. В ходе работы было доказано, что решение приоритетной задачи подготовки студентов к духовно-нравственному воспитанию рабочих и техников возможно в условиях университета. Особую роль в этом играют личности преподавателей педагогических дисциплин и общая духовно-нравственная обстановка в вузе. The article focuses on the justification of the axiological approach to the organisation of students’ educational work; the goals and results of the organised educational process during the preparation of bachelor students of vocational training are determined. Analysing theoretical research in the field of vocational and pedagogical education allowed the author to put forward a hypothesis about the possibility of creating a pedagogical environment suitable for the development of competencies necessary for the spiritual and moral education of secondary vocational educational organisations (technical schools and colleges) students. The conclusion of the article is based on the results of a four-year study (from September 2017 to June 2021) including asserting, shaping and final pedagogical experiments, the participants of which were 1-4 year students. Diagnostics of the subjects of pedagogical training spiritual and moral upbringing proved that the methodological approach and the research methods used are the most suitable. During the research, the author proved that it is possible to solve the priority issue of preparing students for the spiritual and moral education of workers and technicians in the context of a modern university. Teachers of pedagogical disciplines and the university’s general spiritual and moral situation play a special role in this.

Speech Predictability and Social Contact Patterns in an Informal Group

1969 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muriel Hammer ◽  
Sylvia Polgar ◽  
Kurt Salzinger
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Methodological Aspect ◽  
Informal Group ◽  
Contact Patterns ◽  
Cultural Forms ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Informal Groups

This paper deals with a methodological aspect of research which in its broadest sense was concerned with the relationship between social and cultural forms. More specifically, the research was concerned with measuring the effect on the predictability of speech of social contact in informal groups. Several kinds of data were obtained for estimating amounts of contact and degrees of inter-connectedness in small social networks, and these were related to a measure of speech predictability among the participants in the network.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of the Social Well-Being of a Person in the Conditions of Freedom and Isolation

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 692-701
Author(s):  
Elena Telegina ◽  
Irina Nesterenko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Social Community ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social

The authors examine a complex of methods for identifying the emotional-evaluative attitude of individuals to the social reality and their place in it in the conditions of freedom and isolation. Using the research results and the analysis of practical experience, they describe psychological-pedagogical means and methods that improve the reserve resources of the human body, which leads to positive changes in forming a favorable social well-being and correction of inmates in the conditions of isolation. Special attention is paid to the interactions of employees of the departments of social educational work and psychological labs with inmates in correctional institutions. The authors single out the following methods leading to favorable results in the work of the abovementioned departments: individual and group discussions, doll therapy, use of metaphor (association) cards, psychocorrection, Rokic’s methodology, constitutive method in the form of testing for suicidal tendencies. An important component in the work with the suspects, the accused, and the convicted persons is changing their moral orientations, development of a law-abiding mindset and orientation towards correction (rehabilitation). Criminals can be broken into three groups. The first group is comprised of those who can be successfully rehabilitated, it includes persons with views and convictions which agree with the norms of social community who committed crimes though negligence. The second group includes those who can be rehabilitated, these are individuals with essentially unstable views and convictions. The third group is made up of inmates whose rehabilitation is hardly possible. In this case, the main task of the social education worker consists in using the positive qualities of the convict’s personality to provoke a conflict between the positive and the negative, and the task of the psychologists is to provide psychological support for the person.

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