scholarly journals Antibacterial (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) and Antifungal (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) Activity Assay on Nanoemulsion Formulation of Ethanol Extract of Mangosteen Leaves (Garcinia mangostana L.) as Fruit Preservative

2021 ◽  
pp. 351-365
Author(s):  
Diniatik Diniatik ◽  
Rosiana Sofia Anggraeni
Keyword(s):  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Garcinia Mangostana ◽  
E Coli ◽  
System Method ◽  
Refrigerator Temperature ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

Fruits after harvesting will decay faster if not handled properly. Fruits can be demaged by bacterial and fungal. Mangosteen leaves contain xanthons which are antibacterial and antifungal. 50% ethanol extract of mangosteen leaves is formulated in Nanoemulsion preparations using the SNEDDS (Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System) method. The mangosteen leaves 50% ethanol extract nanoemulsion formulation consisted of VCO (Virgin Coconut Oil) as oil, tween 80 as surfactant, and PEG 400 as cosurfactant. There are 3 formulations with variations in the concentration of mangosteen leaves ethanol extract, there are concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3%. All formulations have a T% of more than 90%. The results of the particles measurement of nanoemulsion using PSA were in formulation 1 amounting to 16.1 nm; formula 2 is 16.7 nm; and formula 3 is 16.6 nm. The zeta potential characterization shows that formula 1 has a zeta value of -40.9 mV. The three formulations had a pH of 5. The largest inhibitory zone in the mangosteen leaf ethanol extract against S.aureus and E. coli bacteria were 11.08 mm and 5.87 mm respectively. Whereas in the S. cerevisiae antifungal test there was no inhibition zone at all concentrations. In the antibacterial and antifungal tests nanoemulsion preparations did not produce inhibitory zones in each concentration. Nanoemulsion preparations can retain the quality of strawberries when compared to the non-nanoemulsion preservative group, both in room storage and refrigerator temperature. The best preservative result is when the fruit is coated with nanoemulsion preservative and stored in refrigerator temperature.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CHITOSAN AND HYDROLYZED COCONUT OIL AND THEIR COMBINATION AGAINST BACILLUS CEREUS AND ESCHERICHIA COLI

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jansen Silalahi ◽  
Petrika Situmorang ◽  
Popi Patilaya ◽  
Yosy Ce Silalahi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Zone Diameter

ABSTRACTObjective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of chitosan, hydrolyzed coconut oil and their combination againstBacillus cereus and Escherichia coli.Methods: The materials used in this study were powder of chitosan (obtained from prawn shell produced by Laboratory of Research Centre FMIPAUniversity of Sumatera Utara) and virgin coconut oil (VCO) product of Siti Nurbaya-Indonesia. VCO was partially hydrolyzed by Lipozyme TL IM(active at sn-1,3 position) and the result called hydrolyzed virgin coconut oil (HVCO). The bacteria used in this study were B. cereus and E. coli. Theantibacterial activity of chitosan in 1% acetic acid and HVCO in dimethylsulfoxide was tested by Kirby–Bauer agar diffusion method using paper discwith diameter of 6 mm.Results: The results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of chitosan against B. cereus and E. coli is at concentration of 0.05% withinhibition zone diameter of 6.86 mm and 7.56 mm, respectively. MIC of HVCO against B. cereus is at concentration of 0.25% with inhibition zonediameter of 6.40 mm, and against E. coli is at a concentration of 0.50% with inhibition zone diameter of 6.20 mm. The inhibition zone diameter ofchitosan 0.05% and HVCO 0.25% in combination against B. cereus is 8.33 mm which is higher than half the sum of chitosan 0.05% and HVCO 0.25%(6.63 mm). The inhibition zone diameter of chitosan 0.05% and 0.5% HVCO in combination against E. coli is 8.53 mm which is higher than half thesum of chitosan 0.05% and HVCO 0.5% (6.53 mm).Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that chitosan is more antibacterial than HVCO, and the interaction between chitosan and HVCO incombination demonstrated to be synergistic against B. cereus and E. coli.Keywords: Antibacterial, Chitosan, Coconut oil, Combination, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli.®

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Skin Secretion of Rana hosii Frog (Anura: Ranidae) against several pathogenic microbes

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Feskaharny Alamsjah ◽  
Djong Hon Tjong ◽  
Zil Fadhillah Rahma
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activity ◽  
Skin Secretion ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Skin Secretions ◽  
Pathogenic Microbes ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

The research on antimicrobial activity of skin secretion derived from Rana hosii (Anura: Ranidae) against several pathogenic microbes had been conducted at Microbiology Laboratory and at Genetics and Biomolecular Laboratory, both in the Biology Department, Universitas Andalas. The research used to survey and experimental methods. The study aimed to determine the effectivity of Rana hosii skin secretion to inhibit microbial activity, hence it tested onto some pathogenic microbes such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. The results showed that the biggest inhibition zone formed against E. coli was 10.96 + 0.63 mm, on S. aureus was 11.74 + 1.00 mm, while on C. albicans was 7.42 + 0.80 mm. The results indicated that the skin secretions from Rana hosii frog could be a potential broad-spectrum antibacterial, and antifungal activity against C. albicans.

scholarly journals The Effect of Various Concentrations of Ethanol Extract of the Leaves of Paederia foetida L. on the Growth of Escherichia Coli Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Hertina Silaban
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Rare Plants ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Paederia Foetida ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria ◽  
The One

Bacterial infection of Escherichia coli (E. coli) as the cause of gastrointestinal disorders in humans has increased their prevalence. Treatment using natural ingredients can be a choice of therapy because of the minimal side effects. One of the rare plants believed by the community as an antibacterial is stinking vin’e known as the ‘leaf fart’. The purpose of this research is for knowing the activity of the ethanol extract of Paederia foetida L can affect the growth of E.coli. The serial diffusion disc method is being used as the antibacterial activity test. The concentration  of this extract are 10%, 20%, 40%, 80%, 100% with positive control (ciprofloxacin) and negative control (aqua dest). The inhibition zone diameter characterized the effect of Extract on bacterial growth were 6.16 mm of the concentration 10%, 6.667 mm of the concentration 20%, 7.10 mm of the concentration 40 %, 7.78 mm of the concentration 80%, and 10.03 mm of the concentration 100%. As for the negative control has no effect. The study stated that the higher concentration of antibacterial agent used, the greater the inhibition zone formed. Based on the result of the analysis of the data by using the One-Way ANOVA Test showed a probability value (p) = 0.000 or value (p) < 0.05, that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. The conclusion is that the Extract of stinking vin’e has an antibacterial effect on the growth of E.coli. Keywords: Antibacterial, E.coli, Extract of  Sembukan leaf

scholarly journals Isolasi dan identifikasi Escherichia coli dari Sumber Air Minum Kandang Broiler serta Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Lidah Buaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Dian Meididewi Nuraini ◽  
Morsid Andityas ◽  
Adi Paramarta ◽  
Nur Rohman Najib ◽  
Agustina Dwi Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Inhibition Test ◽  
Aloe Barbadensis ◽  
E Coli

Abstract Colibacillosis is one of the most problematic issues in the boiler industry. However, the antibiotic overuse has induced Escherichia coli resistance so that other alternative to reduce colibacillosis is needed. One of the alternatives is using aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller), which has been widely used as an antibacterial agent. This study aims to isolate and identify E. coli from the broiler drinking water source and test the aloe vera antibacterial activity against it. Escherichia coli were isolated from well in three broiler farms in Moyudan District, Sleman, Yogyakarta that previously had colibacillosis. Escherichia coli were isolated using eosin methylene blue (EMB) agar and the metallic sheen colony was tested to confirm the biochemist reaction. The pure isolate of E. coli was used in the aloe vera inhibition test using Muller Hinton agar (MHA) by a Well Diffusion method. Aloe vera was processed using aquades and ethanol 70%. The aquades infusion was diluted into 12.5%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% and the extract ethanol 70% was diluted into 10%, 12.5, %, 25%, 40%, and 50%. The bacterial identification showed that one of three samples contained E. coli which was then used for inhibition test. The result showed no inhibition zone in the aquades infusion while ethanol extract showed an inhibition zone in concentration 25%, 40%, and 50% of aloe vera extract with a diameter 19.5 mm, 24 mm, and 25 mm. It can be concluded that aloe vera ethanol extract has inhibitory activity against E. coli in poultry drinking water with a minimum concentration of 25%.  Keywords: Aloe vera; Broiler drinking water; Escherichia coli; Inhibitory activity   Abstrak  Colibacilosis masih menjadi permasalahan dalam industri broiler. Penggunaan antibiotik berlebihan telah menyebabkan resistensi sehingga perlu alternatif lain. Salah satu alternatif adalah menggunakan bahan alami seperti adalah lidah buaya (Aloe barbadensis Miller) yang memilliki aktivitas antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi E. coli dari sumber air minum di kandang broiler serta menguji aktivitas inhibisi lidah buaya terhadap bakteri tersebut. Air yang digunakan sebagai sumber E. coli berasal dari sumur di tiga peternakan broiler di Kecamatan Moyudan, Sleman, Yogyakarta yang memiliki riwayat infeksi colibacilosis. Bakteri E. coli diisolasi menggunakan media eosin methylene blue (EMB) dan diuji sifat biokimia untuk mengkonfirmasi sifat bakteri E. coli. Isolat murni E. coli digunakan pada uji daya hambat bakteri dengan metode difusi sumuran menggunakan media Muller Hinton Agar (MHA). Lidah buaya diproses menggunakan aquades dan ethanol 70%. Infusa aquades diencerkan menjadi konsentrasi 12,5%, 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100% dan ekstrak ethanol 70% diencerkan menjadi 10%, 12., %, 25%, 40%, dan 50%.  Hasil isolasi menunjukan bahwa satu sumber air dari sumur di Desa Kolowenang mengandung E. coli yang kemudian digunakan pada pengujian daya hambat. Hasil pengujian menunjukan tidak ada daya hambat yang terbentuk pada infusa aquades sedangkan ekstrak etanol lidah buaya 25%, 40%, dan 50% menunjukan adanya zona hambat sebesar 19,5 mm, 24 mm, dan 25 mm berturut-turut. Ekstrak etanol lidah buaya pada penelitian ini memiliki kemampuan menghambat pertumbuhan E. coli yang bersumber dari air minum broiler dengan konsentrasi terendah 25%. Kata kunci: Air minum broiler; Escherichia coli; Lidah buaya; Daya hambat bakteri

scholarly journals Potensi Antibakteri Ekstrak Daging Buah Kelubi (Eleiodoxa conferta) Bangka Belitung Menggunakan Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surtina Surtina ◽  
Ratih Puspita Sari ◽  
Zulita Zulita ◽  
Rani Rani ◽  
Occa Roanisca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Inhibitory Zone ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction

Antibacterial tests were carried out using ethanol extract of kelubi meat (Eleidoxa conferta), extraction using the Microwave-Assisted Extraction method with a ratio of 2: 20 for 30 minutes at 60 °C. Antibacterial tests using diffusion methods with concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%; positive control of 0.005% amoxillin and DMSO negative control. Antibacterial test results showed that the inhibition zone of ethanol extract in E. coli bacteria with a concentration of 20% was in the moderate category, for a concentration of 40% including the strong category while the concentration of 60%, 80% and 100% was very strong. The inhibition zone of ethanol extract for the S. aureus bacterium with a concentration of 20% is included in the strong category while the concentration of 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% is categorized as very strong. From these results it can be concluded that the inhibitory zone in Stapylococcus aureus bacteria is greater than that of E. coli bacteria.

Green Biosynthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Testing Their Inhibitory Efficacy Against Some Pathogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 119-123
Author(s):  
Doaa Kaduim ◽  
Zaid Mahmoud ◽  
Falah Mousa
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Size Of Particles ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

The biosynthesis of iron oxide (Fe2O3, also known as haematite) nano particles (NPs) using Hydra helix and Beta vulgaris aqueous extracts were adduced, respectively, where the extracts act as a stabiliser and reductant reagent. The crystal structure and size of particles were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), while the morphology was examined using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), XRD patterns showed the synthesised nanoparticles with well-crystallised structure from Beta vulgaris extract with size 12 nm, while the results by using Hydra helix showed many peaks back to Goethite phase with 16 nm. The antibacterial and antifungal activity were examined using Staphylococcus (showed inhibition zone diameter 23 mm, 16 mm using Hydra helix and Beta vulgaris, respectively), E. coli (showed no inhibition) and Candida fungi (showed inhibition zone 16 mm, 11 mm using Hydra helix and Beta vulgaris, respectively).

scholarly journals FORMULASI DAN UJI EFEKTIVITAS KRIM ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN NANGKA (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus

PHARMACON ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Nurul S Majid ◽  
Paulina V. Y. Yamlean ◽  
Gayatri Citraningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Quality Test ◽  
Antibacterial Compounds ◽  
Artocarpus Heterophyllus ◽  
Test Parameters

ABSTRACT Jackfruit leaves contain saponins, flavonoids and tannins. Which are know to have antibacterial compounds. The purpose of this study is to make cream of jackfruit leaf extract with a concentration of 5%, 10% and 15% and test the quality of preparations of  jackfruit leaf extract cream and  there is antibacterial effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The method used is the ethanol extract of Jackfruit leaves by formulating it as an M/A type cream. The results showed the cream of  jackfruit leaf extract fulfilled all the physical stability tests of the cream and in the antibacterial testing of cream of Jackfruit leaf extract could inhibit the effectiveness of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. As concluded, the Jackfruit leaf extract Conclusions obtained by jackfruit leaf extract can be formulated as a cream with a concentration of 5%, 10% and 15%, and cream preparations meet the cream quality test parameters, for testing the effectiveness of antibacterial to the biggest inhibition zone Staphylococcus aureus is 10.5 mm at 15% concentration. Keywords: Jackfruit leaves, cream antibacterial, Staphylococcus aureus. ABSTRAK Daun Nangka memiliki kandungan saponin, flavonoid dan tannin yang berperan sebagai senyawa antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu membuat krim ekstrak daun Nangka dengan konsentrasi 5%, 10% dan 15%, menguji mutu  dan efektivitas antibakteri krim ekstrak daun Nangka terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Metode yang digunakan yaitu ekstrak etanol daun Nangka dengan memformulasikan sebagai krim dengan tipe M/A. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan krim ekstrak daun Nangka memenuhi semua uji kestabilan fisik krim dan dalam pengujian antibakteri krim ekstrak daun Nangka dapat menghambat efektivitas bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Kesimpulan yang diapat ekstrak daun Nangka dapat diformulasikan sebagai krim dengan konsentrasi 5%, 10% dan 15%, dan  sediaan krim memenuhi parameter uji kualitas krim, untuk pengujian efektivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus zona hambat terbesar yaitu 10,5 mm pada konsentrasi 15%. Kata kunci: Daun Nangka, krim antibakteri, Staphylococcus aureus.

scholarly journals Screening of antimicrobial potential of methanolic, acetone and quencher extracts from Cladonia rangiformis Hoffm. and Cladonia pocillum Ach.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Essghaier Badiaa ◽  
Mendili Mohamed ◽  
Khadri Ayda
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Lysozyme Activity ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Destructive Effect ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fungal Hyphae ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

This study compared the efficacy of two species of lichen located in Tunisia belonging to <i>Cladonia rangiformis</i> and <i>Cladonia pocillum</i> species. The antibacterial and antifungal potentials of methanol, acetone and quencher extracts of <i>C. rangiformis</i> and <i>C. pocillum</i> and the lysozyme activity of both methanol extracts were investigated. The results showed that the examined extracts had antimicrobial properties against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and anti-Candida properties and that they also limited the spore germination of Penicillium and Aspergillus. Further results showed that the largest diameter of the inhibition zone was obtained by the methanolic extract of <i>C. pocillum</i> with 31 mm and 27.5 mm against <i>E. cloacae</i> and <i>E. coli</i>, respectively. MIC values of bactericidal and fungicidal activities of both Cladonia extracts ranged from 0.25 mg/mL to 2 mg/mL. <i>C. pocillum</i> possess superior lysozyme activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. Furthermore, the methanol extract of both Cladonia showed a remarkable destructive effect on the morphology of fungal hyphae.

scholarly journals Physical and Chemical Stability Test of SNEDDS (Self-nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System) and Nanoemulsion Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Garcinia mangostana L.

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Liza Pratiwi ◽  
Achmad Fudholi ◽  
Ronny Martien ◽  
Suwidjiyo Pramono
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Chemical Stability ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Stability Test ◽  
Free Radical Scavengers ◽  
Garcinia Mangostana ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The mangosteen peels (Garcinia mangostana L.) has high free radical scavengers activity. This study aims to determine the physical and chemical conditions that are formulated in SNEDDS and nanoemulsion preparations. SNEDDS was made with various concentrations of Tween 80, PEG 400, and Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) with a ratio of 4,98:1,02:1. Nanoemulsions were made with the addition of water to SNEDDS. Stability observation results were analyzed by statistics. The results of physical stability test show that all test samples in the research, in nanoemulsion, SNEDDS fraction, base SNEDDS, SNEDDS vitamin E did not undergo separation, precipitation, cracking, and creaming. On the chemical stability test of nanoemulsion and SNEDDS fraction there is no difference between IC50 before and after storage. While on basic SNEDDS and vitamin E nanoemulsion there is a difference between IC50 before and after storage.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Polygonum pulchrum Blume Ethanol Extract on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Asman Sadino ◽  
Idin Sahidin ◽  
Wahyuni Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Weak Antibacterial Activity

The emergence of resistant bacteria strain has become a global health concern. It encourages the exploration of potential antibacterial agents, particularly from natural sources. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of root, stems, leaves, and flowers of Polygonum pulchrum Blume against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, through disc diffusion method using cup-plate method. Inhibition zone against S. aureus from roots, stems, leaves, and flowers ethanol extract were 3.5 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.25 mm, and 2.62 mm, respectively, while the inhibition zone against E. coli were 2.25 mm, 2.12 mm, 1.62 mm, and 1.75 mm, respectively. In conclusion, ethanol extract of root, stem, leaves, and flower of P. pulchrum Bl possessed weak antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli.Keywords: P. pulchrum Bl, antibacterial, E. coli, S. aureus, cup-plate technique

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